3D <Emphasis Type="Italic">v</Emphasis><Subscript>P</Subscript> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">v</Emphasis><Subscript>S</Subscript> models of southeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau from joint inversion of body-wave arrival times and surface-wave dispersion data          下载免费PDF全文

Lina Gao  Haijiang Zhang  Huajian Yao  Hui Huang 《地震科学（英文版）》2017,30(1):17-32

A new 3D velocity model of the crust and upper mantle in the southeastern (SE) margin of the Tibetan plateau was obtained by joint inversion of body- and surface-wave data. For the body-wave data, we used 7190 events recorded by 102 stations in the SE margin of the Tibetan plateau. The surface-wave data consist of Rayleigh wave phase velocity dispersion curves obtained from ambient noise cross-correlation analysis recorded by a dense array in the SE margin of the Tibetan plateau. The joint inversion clearly improves the v _S model because it is constrained by both data types. The results show that at around 10 km depth there are two low-velocity anomalies embedded within three high-velocity bodies along the Longmenshan fault system. These high-velocity bodies correspond well with the Precambrian massifs, and the two located to the northeast of 2013 M _S 7.0 Lushan earthquake are associated with high fault slip areas during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The aftershock gap between 2013 Lushan earthquake and 2008 Wenchuan earthquake is associated with low-velocity anomalies, which also acts as a barrier zone for ruptures of two earthquakes. Generally large earthquakes (M ≥ 5) in the region occurring from 2008 to 2015 are located around the high-velocity zones, indicating that they may act as asperities for these large earthquakes. Joint inversion results also clearly show that there exist low-velocity or weak zones in the mid-lower crust, which are not evenly distributed beneath the SE margin of Tibetan plateau.  相似文献   

一种高效的基于交叉梯度结构约束的三维地震走时与直流电阻率联合反演策略          下载免费PDF全文

高级  张海江  方洪健  李楠 《地球物理学报》2017,60(9):3628-3641

基于交叉梯度结构约束的不同数据的联合反演可以提高地球物理成像的可靠度,但是由于不同观测数据对地下介质的灵敏度不同以及不同反演系统灵敏度矩阵元素的数值可能存在较大的差异,导致构建和求解联合反演系统存在很大的挑战.针对以上问题,本文提出一种新的基于单独反演模型更新量与交叉梯度结构约束相结合的联合反演策略.该策略利用单独反演系统分别确定出各个模型的更新量,然后利用它们约束交叉梯度系统的反演,得出新的模型更新量.通过这样的方式,有效实现了数据拟合与结构约束的平衡,实现了基于交叉梯度联合反演的目标.新的联合反演策略不需要对原来单独反演程序修改即可实现联合反演,减小了联合反演实现的难度,极大地提高了联合反演的易实现性,而且避免了联合反演矩阵存储及结构过于复杂难以求解的问题.基于新的策略,本文首次实现了基于交叉梯度结构约束的三维地震走时与直流电阻率联合反演.合成模型测试表明,与单一成像相比,联合成像减少了地震走时反演中出现的干扰异常并提高了电阻率反演的分辨率.  相似文献   

Cross double‐difference inversion for simultaneous velocity model update and microseismic event location          下载免费PDF全文

Xiao Tian  Wei Zhang  Jie Zhang 《Geophysical Prospecting》2017,65(Z1):259-273

Microseismic monitoring is an approach for mapping hydraulic fracturing. Detecting the accurate locations of microseismic events relies on an accurate velocity model. The one‐dimensional layered velocity model is generally obtained by model calibration from inverting perforation data. However, perforation shots may only illuminate the layers between the perforation shots and the recording receivers with limited raypath coverage in a downhole monitoring problem. Some of the microseismic events may occur outside of the depth range of these layers. To derive an accurate velocity model covering all of the microseismic events and locating events at the same time, we apply the cross double‐difference method for the simultaneous inversion of a velocity model and event locations using both perforation shots and microseismic data. The cross double‐difference method could provide accurate locations in both the relative and absolute sense, utilizing cross traveltime differences between P and S phases over different events. At the downhole monitoring scale, the number of cross traveltime differences is sufficiently large to constrain events locations and velocity model as well. In this study, we assume that the layer thickness is known, and velocities of P‐ and S‐wave are inverted. Different simultaneous inversion methods based on the Geiger's, double‐difference, and cross double‐difference algorithms have been compared with the same input data. Synthetic and field data experiments suggest that combining both perforation shots and microseismic data for the simultaneous cross double‐difference inversion of the velocity model and event locations is available for overcoming the trade‐offs in solutions and producing reliable results.  相似文献   

基于重磁震资料的南海新生代盆地分布综合研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

冯旭亮  张功成  王万银  赵志刚  邱之云  谢晓军  纪晓琳  鲁宝亮  宋双 《地球物理学报》2018,61(10):4242-4254

作为西太平洋最大的边缘海,南海分布有30多个新生代沉积盆地,其蕴含着丰富的油气资源.但由于资料的限制,南海存在不同区域盆地研究程度不同,不同区域盆地面积差别较大,部分盆地只是坳陷而没有达到盆地的级别以及盆地外围可能存在凹陷等问题.南海新生代盆地分布问题制约了其油气分布规律、储量等基础地质问题的研究.本文以地震剖面数据为约束,以重力资料为主、辅以磁力资料,研究了南海新生代盆地分布及构造区划.通过提取新生代盆地及其构造单元引起的重力异常,结合地震剖面等资料反演了新生界底界面深度及新生界厚度.在充分调研已有盆地和构造单元划分方案的基础上,根据南海的地质及地球物理特征,确定了盆地及构造单元划分标准.以新生界厚度为基础并结合重、磁、震、地质等资料,进行地质-重磁震联合解释,将南海原有的36个盆地重新划分为24个盆地,盆地总面积扩大了约15万km².研究表明,南海新生代盆地沉积层厚度在1.5~16 km之间,有6个北东东/北东向沉积坳陷带、2个近南北向沉积坳陷带以及1个三角沉积坳陷区;盆地展布方向主要为北东和北东东向,其次为北西和近南北向,呈现"南三北三"的分布特征.  相似文献   

德国南部地区Love波相速度分布          下载免费PDF全文

黄忠贤 Fried.  W 《地球物理学报》1998,41(6):788-794

在利用远震面波资料研究小区域内的地壳上地幔速度结构时,传统的面波层析成象所依据的大圆路径和平面波入射假设不能成立．本文利用德国区域地震台网记录的Love波资料,根据Friederich和Wielandt提出的面波波场和速度结构联合反演方法,对德国南部地区的Love波相速度横向不均匀分布作了初步研究．反演得到各个周期面波相速度分布的主要特征是稳定的,不随资料选取而改变．30s左右Love波相速度主要受地壳厚度控制,反演得到的相速度分布与该区域已知的莫霍面深度分布有很好的对应关系．39-66s周期的Love波相速度图像随周期逐渐改变,过渡到一个主要受岩石圈下部上地幔构造活动控制的格局．在75-113s周期范围内的相速度分布图像表明,莱茵地堑等构造活动区为明显的低速区．在研究区域东北部的构造稳定地区,从20-113s周期始终显示为高速区．  相似文献   

中外合资风险勘查操作中的几个问题     

杜加锋 《地质找矿论丛》1998,13(2):85-90

作者通过举办承德华佳矿业有限公司的经历,详细地论述了中外合资（合作）风险勘查固体矿产资源,尤其是金矿勘查方面的具体问题。探讨了中外合资（合作）风险勘查矿产资源的有关法律规定和我国当前合资（合作）勘查矿产资源所采用的几种模式,合资（合作）的阶段性,股权比例的变化特征以及举办中外合资（合作）勘查企业的申办过程。  相似文献   

自然科学基金资助下的我国冰冻圈科学发展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冷疏影  丁永建 《地球科学进展》2010,25(10):1091-1100

冰冻圈是指地球表层水以固态形式存在的圈层,包括冰川、冻土、积雪、海冰、河冰、湖冰等.作为一门新兴学科,冰冻圈科学研究其各组成部分的形成机理、演化规律、与其他圈层之间的相互作用,以及对经济社会的影响.在全球变暖背景下,冰冻圈研究受到前所未有的重视,成为气候系统研究中最活跃的领域之一,也是当前全球变化和可持续发展最关注的热点之一.中国是中低纬度地区冰冻圈最发育的国家,中国冰冻圈变化的气候效应、环境效应、水资源效应和生态效应非常显著,因此,对国家西部发展战略有重大意义.我国冰冻圈科学的发展与国家自然科学基金项目的支持息息相关,许多前瞻性、先导性、基础性的项目源自于基金项目的支持.国家自然科学基金在引领冰冻圈研究新领域和人才培养两方面起到了奠基和推动作用.着重回顾了在自然科学基金资助下我国冰冻圈科学的发展历程.  相似文献   

中甸亚杂铅锌银矿找矿标志及远景     

张世权 《云南地质》2010,29(1):36-40,24

亚杂铅锌矿含矿母岩为英安斑岩,属石英脉型,受印支晚期-燕山期张扭性断裂控制,沿断裂两侧由弱到中等线性蚀变,有较好的元素异常。结合东矿带地球化学异常元素组合、岩性、构造、蚀变特征等,认为卓玛及莫磨亚两地化探异常以铅锌元素组合为主,规模大和浓度高,是区内形成中-大型铅锌矿床最为有利地区。  相似文献   

内蒙古达茂旗北部闪长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb、角闪石~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年代学及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李建锋  张志诚  韩宝福 《岩石矿物学杂志》2010,29(6):732-740

内蒙古达茂旗北部的早古生代闪长岩侵入体产于包尔汉图-白乃庙岛弧带的西部,采用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年及角闪石40Ar/39Ar测年对其进行了精确的年代学研究。两件闪长岩样品分别获得的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为453±3Ma和446.8±5.3Ma,角闪石40Ar/39Ar坪年龄为459.2±2.4Ma和442.9±4.2Ma。这为研究该时期弧岩浆作用提供了新的年代学证据,并表明该岩浆侵位后,经历了结晶并快速冷却的过程,可能揭示了本区岛弧带和华北板块碰撞的构造意义。  相似文献   

The investment climate for climate investment: Joint Implementation in transition countries     

Samuel Fankhauser  Lucia Lavric 《Climate Policy》2013,13(4):417-434

Transition countries are expected to become important players in the emerging market for greenhouse gas emission reductions, as they can cut emissions at a relatively low cost. However, the attractiveness of the region as a supplier of emission reductions will not only depend on its cost advantage. It will also depend on the business climate offered to carbon investors—factors like a well-functioning legal and regulatory system, economic and political stability and the capacity to process emission reduction projects efficiently. This paper looks at the carbon investment climate in the transition countries eligible for Joint Implementation (JI)—Russia, Ukraine, Croatia and the EU accession countries. It concludes that JI investors will face a clear trade-off between the scope for cheap JI on the one hand, and the quality of the business environment and JI institutions on the other. The countries with the highest potential for cheap emission reductions also tend to be the countries with the most difficult business climate and the least institutional capacity for JI. The most attractive JI locations may be median countries with a reasonable JI potential and an acceptable business climate, such as Bulgaria, Romania and the Slovak Republic.  相似文献